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John 11 The Death and Resurrection of Lazarus

1 The Death of Lazarus
Now a man named Lazarus was sick. He was from Bethany, the village of Mary and her sister Martha.

2 This Mary, whose brother Lazarus now lay sick, was the same one who poured perfume on the Lord and wiped his feet with her hair.

3 So the sisters sent word to Jesus, “Lord, the one you love is sick.”

4 When he heard this, Jesus said, “This sickness will not end in death. No, it is for God’s glory so that God’s Son may be glorified through it.”

5 Jesus loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus.

6 Yet when he heard that Lazarus was sick, he stayed where he was two more days.

7 Then he said to his disciples, “Let us go back to Judea.”

8 “But Rabbi,” they said, “a short while ago the Jews tried to stone you, and yet you are going back there?”

9 Jesus answered, “Are there not twelve hours of daylight? A man who walks by day will not stumble, for he sees by this world’s light.

10 It is when he walks by night that he stumbles, for he has no light.”

11 After he had said this, he went on to tell them, “Our friend Lazarus has fallen asleep; but I am going there to wake him up.”

12 His disciples replied, “Lord, if he sleeps, he will get better.”

13 Jesus had been speaking of his death, but his disciples thought he meant natural sleep.

14 So then he told them plainly, “Lazarus is dead,

15 and for your sake I am glad I was not there, so that you may believe. But let us go to him.”

16 Then Thomas (called Didymus) said to the rest of the disciples, “Let us also go, that we may die with him.”

17 Jesus Comforts the Sisters
On his arrival, Jesus found that Lazarus had already been in the tomb for four days.

18 Bethany was less than two miles from Jerusalem,

19 and many Jews had come to Martha and Mary to comfort them in the loss of their brother.

20 When Martha heard that Jesus was coming, she went out to meet him, but Mary stayed at home.

21 “Lord,” Martha said to Jesus, “if you had been here, my brother would not have died.

22 But I know that even now God will give you whatever you ask.”

23 Jesus said to her, “Your brother will rise again.”

24 Martha answered, “I know he will rise again in the resurrection at the last day.”

25 Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life. He who believes in me will live, even though he dies;

26 and whoever lives and believes in me will never die. Do you believe this?”

27 “Yes, Lord,” she told him, “I believe that you are the Christ, the Son of God, who was to come into the world.”

28 And after she had said this, she went back and called her sister Mary aside. “The Teacher is here,” she said, “and is asking for you.”

29 When Mary heard this, she got up quickly and went to him.

30 Now Jesus had not yet entered the village, but was still at the place where Martha had met him.

31 When the Jews who had been with Mary in the house, comforting her, noticed how quickly she got up and went out, they followed her, supposing she was going to the tomb to mourn there.

32 When Mary reached the place where Jesus was and saw him, she fell at his feet and said, “Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died.”

33 When Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who had come along with her also weeping, he was deeply moved in spirit and troubled.

34 “Where have you laid him?” he asked.
“Come and see, Lord,” they replied.

35 Jesus wept.

36 Then the Jews said, “See how he loved him!”

37 But some of them said, “Could not he who opened the eyes of the blind man have kept this man from dying?”

38 Jesus Raises Lazarus From the Dead
Jesus, once more deeply moved, came to the tomb. It was a cave with a stone laid across the entrance.

39 “Take away the stone,” he said.
“But, Lord,” said Martha, the sister of the dead man, “by this time there is a bad odor, for he has been there four days.”

40 Then Jesus said, “Did I not tell you that if you believed, you would see the glory of God?”

41 So they took away the stone. Then Jesus looked up and said, “Father, I thank you that you have heard me.

42 I knew that you always hear me, but I said this for the benefit of the people standing here, that they may believe that you sent me.”

43 When he had said this, Jesus called in a loud voice, “Lazarus, come out!”

44 The dead man came out, his hands and feet wrapped with strips of linen, and a cloth around his face.
Jesus said to them, “Take off the grave clothes and let him go.”

45 The Plot to Kill Jesus
Therefore many of the Jews who had come to visit Mary, and had seen what Jesus did, put their faith in him.

46 But some of them went to the Pharisees and told them what Jesus had done.

47 Then the chief priests and the Pharisees called a meeting of the Sanhedrin.
“What are we accomplishing?” they asked. “Here is this man performing many miraculous signs.

48 If we let him go on like this, everyone will believe in him, and then the Romans will come and take away both our place and our nation.”

49 Then one of them, named Caiaphas, who was high priest that year, spoke up, “You know nothing at all!

50 You do not realize that it is better for you that one man die for the people than that the whole nation perish.”

51 He did not say this on his own, but as high priest that year he prophesied that Jesus would die for the Jewish nation,

52 and not only for that nation but also for the scattered children of God, to bring them together and make them one.

53 So from that day on they plotted to take his life.

54 Therefore Jesus no longer moved about publicly among the Jews. Instead he withdrew to a region near the desert, to a village called Ephraim, where he stayed with his disciples.

55 When it was almost time for the Jewish Passover, many went up from the country to Jerusalem for their ceremonial cleansing before the Passover.

56 They kept looking for Jesus, and as they stood in the temple area they asked one another, “What do you think? Isn’t he coming to the Feast at all?”

57 But the chief priests and Pharisees had given orders that if anyone found out where Jesus was, he should report it so that they might arrest him.

Analysis of John Chapter 11

John Chapter 11 is a pivotal chapter in the Gospel of John, primarily focused on the resurrection of Lazarus. This miraculous event is significant as it showcases the divine authority of Jesus over life and death, fortifying the belief in His identity as the Son of God. This chapter is rich in theological meaning, profound emotional depth, and serves as a turning point in the Gospel narrative. Let’s delve into a verse-by-verse analysis to uncover the deep insights and profound lessons embedded within this chapter.

John 11:1-3 – The Illness of Lazarus

The chapter opens with a brief introduction to the characters: Lazarus, who is ill, and his sisters, Mary and Martha. The relationship between these characters and Jesus is already established, highlighting their close bond. The sisters send a message to Jesus, stating, “Lord, the one you love is sick.”

  • Strong Personal Ties: This verse underscores the intimate relationship between Jesus and Lazarus, indicating a profound bond of love and friendship.
  • Trust and Dependence: The sisters’ act of sending a message to Jesus reflects their faith and dependence on Him, recognizing His power to heal.

John 11:4 – Jesus’ Response

Jesus responds to the news with a statement that foretells the purpose behind Lazarus’s illness: “This sickness will not end in death. No, it is for God’s glory so that God’s Son may be glorified through it.”

  • Divine Purpose: Jesus highlights that the illness has a greater purpose beyond the immediate suffering, which is to bring glory to God.
  • Foreknowledge: This response also indicates Jesus’ divine foreknowledge and His control over the situation, reassuring the readers of His sovereignty.

John 11:5-6 – The Delay

Even though Jesus loves Martha, Mary, and Lazarus, He deliberately stays two more days before going to them.

  • Seeming Contradiction: This delay may seem contradictory to His love for them, yet it reveals a deeper understanding of divine timing and purpose.
  • Faith and Patience: This scenario teaches the importance of faith and patience, trusting that God’s timing is perfect even when it doesn’t align with our expectations.

John 11:7-10 – The Journey to Judea

Jesus’s decision to return to Judea, where He was previously threatened (John 10:31), despite the dangers, demonstrates His commitment to fulfilling God’s will. He uses a metaphor of daylight and darkness to explain His actions.

  • Boldness and Courage: Jesus’s willingness to face danger indicates His courage and unwavering commitment to His mission.
  • Symbolism of Light: The metaphor of walking in daylight represents acting within God’s will and divine guidance, whereas walking in darkness symbolizes separation from God and vulnerability.

John 11:11-16 – The Disclosure

Jesus reveals to His disciples that Lazarus has died, referring to his death as “sleep.” This symbolism conveys Jesus’ perspective on death and His power to overcome it. Thomas’s response, “Let us also go, that we may die with him,” reflects a mixture of loyalty and pessimism.

  • Death as Sleep: Jesus’s reference to death as sleep implies a temporary state, emphasizing His authority to awaken and restore life.
  • Thomas’s Loyalty: Despite his doubts, Thomas shows his willingness to follow Jesus even into potentially fatal situations, demonstrating a complex mix of faith and fear.

John 11:17-27 – Martha’s Faith

Upon arrival, Jesus is met by Martha, who expresses her grief but also her belief in Jesus’ power: “If you had been here, my brother would not have died.” Jesus assures her that Lazarus will rise again.

  • Human Grief and Divine Assurance: Martha’s statement reflects human grief and the “what-if” scenarios we often struggle with. Jesus’s response offers divine assurance of resurrection and eternal life.
  • The Declaration: Jesus declares, “I am the resurrection and the life,” reinforcing His divine identity and the promise of eternal life through faith in Him.
  • Martha’s Confession: Martha’s response, “Yes, Lord, I believe that you are the Messiah, the Son of God,” is a profound confession of faith, highlighting her belief in Jesus’ divinity and mission.

John 11:28-37 – Jesus and Mary

Mary’s reaction is similar to Martha’s, filled with grief and faith. Jesus is deeply moved by the mourning of Mary and others, leading to the shortest verse in the Bible, “Jesus wept.” This passage reveals Jesus’ humanity and compassion.

  • Human Emotion: Jesus weeping illustrates His deep empathy and shared human experience, comforting those who see Him as concerned and relatable.
  • Divine Compassion: His tears also reflect divine compassion, indicating that God’s heart is moved by our suffering.
  • Community Mourning: The presence of many Jews mourning with Mary and Martha signifies the communal aspect of grief and the shared support in times of loss.

John 11:38-44 – The Miracle of Lazarus

At the tomb, Jesus commands them to remove the stone, despite Martha’s concerns about the odor. This act of opening the tomb precedes the dramatic moment where Jesus calls Lazarus out, and Lazarus emerges alive, wrapped in grave clothes.

  • Removal of the Stone: This act symbolizes the removal of obstacles to witnessing God’s power and invites human participation in divine acts.
  • Public Prayer: Jesus’s prayer before raising Lazarus serves as public acknowledgment of His relationship with the Father and a witness to the crowd.
  • Voice of Authority: Jesus’ command, “Lazarus, come out,” showcases His supreme authority over life and death, affirming His divine identity.
  • Resurrected Life: Lazarus emerging from the tomb symbolizes new life and the ultimate victory over death, providing a foretaste of Jesus’ own resurrection.

John 11:45-53 – The Reaction of the Jews and Plot to Kill Jesus

The miraculous event leads many to believe in Jesus, but also stirs fear among the Pharisees, leading them to plot His death. They fear losing their power and the nation’s stability if Jesus’ following grows.

  • Diverse Responses: The varied reactions highlight the spectrum of belief and unbelief, revealing the profound impact of Jesus’s miracles.
  • Political Concerns: The Pharisees’ fear reflects their political concerns and inability to recognize the spiritual significance of Jesus’s mission.
  • Caiaphas’s Prophecy: The high priest Caiaphas’s statement, though politically motivated, echoes a deeper truth that Jesus’s death would indeed serve as a redemptive sacrifice for the people.

John 11:54-57 – Jesus Withdraws

In response to the threat, Jesus withdraws to a region near the wilderness. Meanwhile, the Jewish leaders continue to seek Him, solidifying the rising tension leading to His eventual crucifixion.

  • Strategic Withdrawal: Jesus’s withdrawal signifies His awareness and control over the unfolding events, aligning with God’s timing for His eventual sacrifice.
  • Rising Tension: The ongoing search by the Jewish leaders sets the stage for the climax of the Gospel, highlighting the escalating conflict between Jesus and the religious authorities.

Conclusion

John Chapter 11 serves as a powerful narrative that intertwines deep theological truths with human experiences of grief, faith, and hope. The resurrection of Lazarus is not merely a display of Jesus’s miraculous power but a profound revelation of His identity as the resurrection and the life. This chapter invites readers to move beyond the superficial understanding of miracles to grasp the deeper divine purposes at play. Through this event, Jesus calls believers to a deeper faith, trusting in His authority over life and death, and foreshadows His own resurrection, offering eternal hope to all who believe.

Ultimately, John Chapter 11 challenges readers to examine their own faith, their understanding of God’s timing, and their response to Jesus’s divine identity. It reassures believers of Jesus’s compassionate heart and His power to bring life out of death, both physically and spiritually. This chapter stands as a testament to the transformative power of Jesus’s love and the eternal impact of His mission, encouraging believers to place their trust fully in Him.