Skip to content
Journey Through the Bible

Genesis 39 Joseph's Rise to Power

1 Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife
Now Joseph had been taken down to Egypt. Potiphar, an Egyptian who was one of Pharaoh’s officials, the captain of the guard, bought him from the Ishmaelites who had taken him there.

2 The Lord was with Joseph and he prospered, and he lived in the house of his Egyptian master.

3 When his master saw that the Lord was with him and that the Lord gave him success in everything he did,

4 Joseph found favor in his eyes and became his attendant. Potiphar put him in charge of his household, and he entrusted to his care everything he owned.

5 From the time he put him in charge of his household and of all that he owned, the Lord blessed the household of the Egyptian because of Joseph. The blessing of the Lord was on everything Potiphar had, both in the house and in the field.

6 So he left in Joseph’s care everything he had; with Joseph in charge, he did not concern himself with anything except the food he ate.
Now Joseph was well-built and handsome,

7 and after a while his master’s wife took notice of Joseph and said, “Come to bed with me!”

8 But he refused. “With me in charge,” he told her, “my master does not concern himself with anything in the house; everything he owns he has entrusted to my care.

9 No one is greater in this house than I am. My master has withheld nothing from me except you, because you are his wife. How then could I do such a wicked thing and sin against God?”

10 And though she spoke to Joseph day after day, he refused to go to bed with her or even be with her.

11 One day he went into the house to attend to his duties, and none of the household servants was inside.

12 She caught him by his cloak and said, “Come to bed with me!” But he left his cloak in her hand and ran out of the house.

13 When she saw that he had left his cloak in her hand and had run out of the house,

14 she called her household servants. “Look,” she said to them, “this Hebrew has been brought to us to make sport of us! He came in here to sleep with me, but I screamed.

15 When he heard me scream for help, he left his cloak beside me and ran out of the house.”

16 She kept his cloak beside her until his master came home.

17 Then she told him this story: “That Hebrew slave you brought us came to me to make sport of me.

18 But as soon as I screamed for help, he left his cloak beside me and ran out of the house.”

19 When his master heard the story his wife told him, saying, “This is how your slave treated me,” he burned with anger.

20 Joseph’s master took him and put him in prison, the place where the king’s prisoners were confined.
But while Joseph was there in the prison,

21 the Lord was with him; he showed him kindness and granted him favor in the eyes of the prison warden.

22 So the warden put Joseph in charge of all those held in the prison, and he was made responsible for all that was done there.

23 The warden paid no attention to anything under Joseph’s care, because the Lord was with Joseph and gave him success in whatever he did.

Analysis of Genesis Chapter 39

Genesis Chapter 39 is a rich narrative that follows Joseph’s life after he is sold into slavery by his brothers, focusing particularly on his time in Egypt, his rise in Potiphar’s house, and his eventual imprisonment. This chapter provides significant lessons about integrity, faithfulness, and God’s providence. Let’s delve deep into this chapter, exploring each verse to understand its deeper meaning and theological implications.

Verses 1-6: Joseph in Potiphar’s House

The chapter opens with Joseph being brought to Egypt and sold to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and the captain of the guard. Despite being in a foreign land and in a position of slavery, we immediately see that “the LORD was with Joseph, and he was a prosperous man” (Genesis 39:2).

This section highlights a few key points:

  • Joseph’s Favor: Despite his dire circumstances, Joseph finds favor in Potiphar’s eyes. This favor is attributed to the presence of the Lord with Joseph. It serves as a reminder that God’s presence can bring success and favor, even in unfavorable conditions.
  • Joseph’s Integrity and Hard Work: Potiphar notices Joseph’s success and entrusts him with his entire household. Joseph manages Potiphar’s affairs with great responsibility, indicating his integrity and diligence. It emphasizes that success is often a result of both divine favor and personal integrity.
  • Potiphar’s Prosperity: As Joseph oversees Potiphar’s house, the Lord blesses the Egyptian’s household. This shows that God’s blessing upon Joseph extends to those around him, which reflects a principle seen throughout the Scriptures: the faithful presence of God’s people can bring blessing to others.

Verses 7-12: Joseph’s Temptation and A Moral Test

Here, the narrative shifts to a significant moral test for Joseph. Potiphar’s wife attempts to seduce him, but he refuses, providing several reasons for his refusal.

Key insights from these verses include:

  • Joseph’s Morality: Joseph refuses Potiphar’s wife’s advances, citing his loyalty to Potiphar and his fear of sinning against God (Genesis 39:9). This shows Joseph’s steadfast morality and his profound sense of duty and allegiance both to his master and to God.
  • The Consequences of Integrity: Despite his righteous stand, Joseph faces false accusations from Potiphar’s wife. This indicates that maintaining integrity doesn’t always shield one from false accusations or immediate negative consequences. However, the narrative assures readers of God’s continued presence with Joseph through these trials.
  • The Seriousness of Sin: Joseph’s declaration, “How then can I do this great wickedness, and sin against God?” (Genesis 39:9), underscores his recognition of the grandeur and serious nature of the sin and his determination to avoid it.

Verses 13-20: Joseph’s False Accusation and Imprisonment

Potiphar’s wife, feeling spurned and probably humiliated by Joseph’s rejection, frames him for attempted rape. Potiphar believes his wife’s lie and imprisons Joseph.

This section brings out several points:

  • Injustice: Joseph being imprisoned unfairly is an example of worldly injustice. Even when we do right, we can be subject to falsehood and wrongful punishment.
  • Divine Purpose: From a broader narrative perspective, Joseph’s imprisonment is a step towards God’s greater plan for him. This reflects a recurring Biblical theme: God works through difficult circumstances to ultimately fulfill His purposes.

Verses 21-23: God’s Presence and Blessing in Prison

Though Joseph is imprisoned, the chapter ends on a reassuring note, reiterating that the Lord is still with Joseph. He finds favor with the prison keeper, who entrusts him with the prison’s administration.

  • Continued Divine Favor: This section reaffirms that God’s favor is not dependent on our circumstances. Even in prison, Joseph is blessed and prospers—and his ability and faithfulness are recognized.
  • Emphasis on God’s Sovereignty: The closing verse of the chapter, “the keeper of the prison paid no attention to anything that was in Joseph’s charge, because the LORD was with him. And whatever he did, the LORD made it succeed” (Genesis 39:23), highlights God’s control over Joseph’s situation. This underscores the idea that God’s presence can turn even the bleakest situations into opportunities for success and growth.

Theological and Moral Reflections

Throughout the chapter, several themes recur that are fundamental to understanding the narrative’s deeper significance:

  • God’s Sovereignty and Providence: Despite the external negative circumstances, God’s hand is visibly at work in Joseph’s life. This serves as a comfort and assurance that God never abandons His faithful servants, regardless of their circumstances.
  • Integrity in Adversity: Joseph’s story teaches the importance of maintaining moral integrity, especially when facing temptations and trials. Even when it leads to suffering or false accusations, staying true to one’s principles and God’s commandments is paramount.
  • Purpose in Trials: Joseph’s journey illustrates that trials and sufferings can have a divine purpose. Each step of his journey, from being sold into slavery to being unjustly imprisoned, sets the stage for God’s greater plan for his life. This perspective encourages readers to trust in God’s plan, even when it is not immediately apparent.
  • Faithfulness and Favor: Joseph’s unwavering faithfulness to God is met with divine favor. This consistent theme underlines the reciprocal relationship between human faithfulness and divine blessing.

Conclusion

Genesis Chapter 39 is a compelling account of faith, integrity, and divine providence. It intricately weaves the narrative of Joseph’s life, showcasing the importance of staying true to one’s moral convictions and the assurance that God’s favor remains with those who are faithful to Him. For modern readers, this chapter serves as an inspiration to maintain integrity, trust in God’s overarching plan, and find solace in His continued presence, regardless of life’s trials.

The lessons from this chapter are timeless, providing hope and encouragement that God’s blessings and guidance are always with His people, even in the most challenging and unjust circumstances. Through Joseph’s story, readers are encouraged to remain steadfast in their faith, assured that God’s purpose will ultimately prevail.

Understanding the Key Messages in Genesis 39: Insights and Explanation

In this chapter, Joseph is sold as a slave to Potiphar in Egypt. Despite his situation, Joseph finds favor with Potiphar and is put in charge of his household. However, when Potiphar's wife falsely accuses Joseph of misconduct, he is thrown into prison. Yet, even in prison, Joseph finds favor with the prison warden and is put in charge of the other prisoners. Through these events, God is preparing Joseph for the great destiny He has in store for him.

Notes

This chapter highlights Joseph's unwavering faith and resilience in the face of adversity, and foreshadows his future rise to power in Egypt.