Skip to content

Acts 19 The Conversion of Saul

1 Paul in Ephesus
While Apollos was at Corinth, Paul took the road through the interior and arrived at Ephesus. There he found some disciples

2 and asked them, “Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?”
They answered, “No, we have not even heard that there is a Holy Spirit.”

3 So Paul asked, “Then what baptism did you receive?”
“John’s baptism,” they replied.

4 Paul said, “John’s baptism was a baptism of repentance. He told the people to believe in the one coming after him, that is, in Jesus.”

5 On hearing this, they were baptized into the name of the Lord Jesus.

6 When Paul placed his hands on them, the Holy Spirit came on them, and they spoke in tongues and prophesied.

7 There were about twelve men in all.

8 Paul entered the synagogue and spoke boldly there for three months, arguing persuasively about the kingdom of God.

9 But some of them became obstinate; they refused to believe and publicly maligned the Way. So Paul left them. He took the disciples with him and had discussions daily in the lecture hall of Tyrannus.

10 This went on for two years, so that all the Jews and Greeks who lived in the province of Asia heard the word of the Lord.

11 God did extraordinary miracles through Paul,

12 so that even handkerchiefs and aprons that had touched him were taken to the sick, and their illnesses were cured and the evil spirits left them.

13 Some Jews who went around driving out evil spirits tried to invoke the name of the Lord Jesus over those who were demon-possessed. They would say, “In the name of Jesus, whom Paul preaches, I command you to come out.”

14 Seven sons of Sceva, a Jewish chief priest, were doing this.

15 One day the evil spirit answered them, “Jesus I know, and I know about Paul, but who are you?”

16 Then the man who had the evil spirit jumped on them and overpowered them all. He gave them such a beating that they ran out of the house naked and bleeding.

17 When this became known to the Jews and Greeks living in Ephesus, they were all seized with fear, and the name of the Lord Jesus was held in high honor.

18 Many of those who believed now came and openly confessed their evil deeds.

19 A number who had practiced sorcery brought their scrolls together and burned them publicly. When they calculated the value of the scrolls, the total came to fifty thousand drachmas.

20 In this way the word of the Lord spread widely and grew in power.

21 After all this had happened, Paul decided to go to Jerusalem, passing through Macedonia and Achaia. “After I have been there,” he said, “I must visit Rome also.”

22 He sent two of his helpers, Timothy and Erastus, to Macedonia, while he stayed in the province of Asia a little longer.

23 The Riot in Ephesus
About that time there arose a great disturbance about the Way.

24 A silversmith named Demetrius, who made silver shrines of Artemis, brought in no little business for the craftsmen.

25 He called them together, along with the workmen in related trades, and said: “Men, you know we receive a good income from this business.

26 And you see and hear how this fellow Paul has convinced and led astray large numbers of people here in Ephesus and in practically the whole province of Asia. He says that man-made gods are no gods at all.

27 There is danger not only that our trade will lose its good name, but also that the temple of the great goddess Artemis will be discredited, and the goddess herself, who is worshiped throughout the province of Asia and the world, will be robbed of her divine majesty.”

28 When they heard this, they were furious and began shouting: “Great is Artemis of the Ephesians!”

29 Soon the whole city was in an uproar. The people seized Gaius and Aristarchus, Paul’s traveling companions from Macedonia, and rushed as one man into the theater.

30 Paul wanted to appear before the crowd, but the disciples would not let him.

31 Even some of the officials of the province, friends of Paul, sent him a message begging him not to venture into the theater.

32 The assembly was in confusion: Some were shouting one thing, some another. Most of the people did not even know why they were there.

33 The Jews pushed Alexander to the front, and some of the crowd shouted instructions to him. He motioned for silence in order to make a defense before the people.

34 But when they realized he was a Jew, they all shouted in unison for about two hours: “Great is Artemis of the Ephesians!”

35 The city clerk quieted the crowd and said: “Men of Ephesus, doesn’t all the world know that the city of Ephesus is the guardian of the temple of the great Artemis and of her image, which fell from heaven?

36 Therefore, since these facts are undeniable, you ought to be quiet and not do anything rash.

37 You have brought these men here, though they have neither robbed temples nor blasphemed our goddess.

38 If, then, Demetrius and his fellow craftsmen have a grievance against anybody, the courts are open and there are proconsuls. They can press charges.

39 If there is anything further you want to bring up, it must be settled in a legal assembly.

40 As it is, we are in danger of being charged with rioting because of today’s events. In that case we would not be able to account for this commotion, since there is no reason for it.”

41 After he had said this, he dismissed the assembly.

Analysis of Acts Chapter 19

Acts Chapter 19 is a fascinating and multifaceted chapter that takes place during Paul’s third missionary journey. Largely centered in Ephesus, one of the most prominent cities of the ancient world, this chapter illustrates the powerful work of the Holy Spirit through Paul and addresses various themes such as the baptism of the Holy Spirit, the contrast between true and false belief, and the clash between the kingdom of God and worldly powers. In our analysis, we will delve deeply into these themes, examining each significant event and its broader implications for the early Christian church and contemporary readers.

Verses 1-7: The Baptism of the Holy Spirit

The chapter begins with Paul arriving in Ephesus and encountering some disciples. This encounter is particularly notable because it raises the issue of baptism and the Holy Spirit:

“Did you receive the Holy Spirit when you believed?” – Paul asked.

The disciples answered that they had not even heard of the Holy Spirit and had only received John’s baptism. This distinction is crucial. John’s baptism was primarily a baptism of repentance, preparing hearts for the arrival of Christ. Paul explains this and then baptizes them in the name of Jesus. When Paul lays his hands on them, they receive the Holy Spirit and begin speaking in tongues and prophesying.

This section underscores the transformative power of the Holy Spirit, which is a central theme in the Book of Acts. Paul’s question emphasizes that mere belief, devoid of the Spirit’s indwelling presence, is insufficient for a dynamic Christian life. The subsequent infilling of the Spirit for these disciples is a powerful demonstration that baptism in Jesus’ name and the reception of the Holy Spirit go hand-in-hand, triggering a visible and profound transformation.

Verses 8-10: Paul’s Ministry in Ephesus

Paul’s presence in Ephesus extends to a significant duration—about two years. Initially, he begins his teaching in the synagogue, persuading Jews and Greeks about the kingdom of God. However, some Jews become stubborn, rejecting Paul’s message and publicly maligning “the Way,” a term used to describe the early Christian movement. Paul withdraws from the synagogue and takes the disciples with him to the lecture hall of Tyrannus, where he continues his teaching daily for two years. The importance of this period cannot be overstated:

  • Persistent Teaching: Paul’s commitment to daily teaching is a testament to his dedication. By persistently spreading the Gospel, he ensures that the message permeates the city and beyond.
  • Widespread Influence: Due to the strategic location of Ephesus and Paul’s effective ministry, the text notes that “all the residents of Asia heard the word of the Lord, both Jews and Greeks.” This suggests that Ephesus served as a crucial hub for the dissemination of Christian teachings across the region.
  • Adaptability in Ministry: When faced with opposition in the synagogue, Paul adapts by moving to a more receptive environment—the lecture hall of Tyrannus. This adaptability in the face of resistance is a valuable lesson for contemporary Christian ministry.

Verses 11-20: Extraordinary Miracles and the Confession of Christ

The next section highlights the extraordinary miracles that God performed through Paul. It mentions that even handkerchiefs and aprons that had touched Paul were taken to the sick, and their illnesses were cured, and evil spirits left them. These accounts resemble Jesus’ healing ministry, where even touching his garment could heal the sick (Mark 5:27-34). These miracles serve multiple purposes:

  • Attestation of Divine Power: The miracles demonstrate that Paul’s ministry is empowered by God, thereby validating his message among the people.
  • Illustration of Faith: The willingness of people to use Paul’s garments as conduits for healing reflects their profound faith.

Contrasted with these authentic miracles is the account of the seven sons of Sceva, Jewish exorcists who attempt to use the name of Jesus to cast out demons. They say, “In the name of Jesus whom Paul preaches, I command you to come out.” However, the evil spirit rebukes them, leading to their eventual humiliation and physical harm:

“Jesus I know, and Paul I know about, but who are you?”

This episode starkly contrasts true belief and spiritual authority with mere ritualistic or formulaic use of the name of Jesus. It serves as a caution against superficial or second-hand faith and underscores the necessity of a genuine relationship with Jesus Christ for spiritual authority.

The aftermath of this event results in a widespread fear and reverence for the name of Jesus. Many believers come forward, openly confessing their evil deeds. Particularly striking is the account of those who practiced sorcery burning their scrolls publicly. The value of these scrolls is considerable, yet they willingly destroy them as a testament to their newfound faith. This act of burning the scrolls signifies:

  • Repentance and Transformation: It symbolizes the individuals’ turn from old, sinful practices to a life committed to Christ.
  • Public Declaration: Burning the scrolls publicly demonstrates their break from past practices and serves as a powerful testimony to others.
  • Economic Sacrifice: The substantial monetary value of the scrolls highlights their sincere repentance, as they prioritize spiritual over material wealth.

As a result, “the word of the Lord spread widely and grew in power.” This encapsulates the transformative power of genuine repentance and divine intervention.

Verses 21-22: Paul’s Future Plans

Following these events, Paul decides to travel to Jerusalem, passing through Macedonia and Achaia. He resolves to visit Rome afterward. This brief interlude marks a transition and reveals Paul’s strategic planning for his ministry:

  1. Strategic Planning: Paul’s mission is directed by a clear sense of purpose and strategic planning. He doesn’t act impulsively but carefully considers his next steps.
  2. Sense of Calling: Paul’s determination to visit Jerusalem and Rome aligns with his sense of calling, highlighting the importance of following divine guidance in ministry.

Verses 23-41: The Riot in Ephesus

The final section describes a significant disturbance instigated by Demetrius, a silversmith who made silver shrines of Artemis and profited from this trade. Concerned that Paul’s message is turning people away from idols, thus threatening their livelihood, Demetrius incites a riot. He convinces the craftsmen and tradesmen that not only their trade but also the honor of the goddess Artemis is at stake. Consequently, the city is filled with confusion, and a large crowd drags Gaius and Aristarchus, Paul’s companions, into the theater.

The riot highlights several key themes:

  • Economic Impact of the Gospel: The spread of Christianity in Ephesus threatens the financial interests of those profiting from idol worship. This underscores the transformative and often disruptive nature of the Gospel as it challenges societal norms and economic structures.
  • Religious Zeal vs. True Faith: The fervor of Demetrius and the crowd is rooted in protecting their economic interests and cultural traditions rather than true spiritual conviction. This contrast between superficial religious zeal and genuine faith is potent.

Paul wishes to address the crowd, but his disciples and some local officials, who are his friends, advise against it, fearing for his safety. Eventually, the city clerk quiets the crowd, emphasizing that the men have neither robbed temples nor blasphemed the goddess. He warns that the riot is unjustified and could result in serious consequences from the Roman authorities if charges are not established through the proper channels. He successfully disperses the crowd, thus averting further chaos.

This episode demonstrates several important aspects:

  • Wisdom in Leadership: The city clerk exhibits wisdom and composure in de-escalating the situation. His actions prevent potential violence and legal repercussions for the city.
  • Protection of God’s Mission: Even in times of severe opposition and chaos, God’s hand is evident in protecting Paul and his companions. The divine purpose will not be thwarted, regardless of human opposition.

Overall Analysis and Themes

In summary, Acts Chapter 19 is rich with themes and narratives that are both profound and applicable to the Christian life today. Key takeaways from this chapter include:

  1. The Power and Necessity of the Holy Spirit: The chapter confirms the transformative power of the Holy Spirit in believers’ lives, essential for genuine Christian living and effective ministry.
  2. Contrast Between Genuine Faith and Superficial Belief: Through the story of the seven sons of Sceva, the text warns against empty religiosity and underscores the importance of an authentic relationship with Jesus.
  3. Impact of True Repentance: The public burning of sorcery scrolls signifies the profound change that comes with genuine repentance, illustrating the far-reaching impact of turning to Christ.
  4. Strategic Mission Planning: Paul’s deliberate and strategic approach to his missionary work serves as a model for contemporary ministry, stressing the importance of divine guidance and purposeful planning.
  5. Conflict with Worldly Powers: The riot in Ephesus exemplifies the inevitable clash between the Kingdom of God and worldly systems, especially when economic and cultural idols are threatened. However, it also demonstrates God’s sovereignty and protection in the face of opposition.

Acts Chapter 19, therefore, stands as a powerful testament to the early church’s foundational experiences, shaped by the Holy Spirit’s active presence, genuine repentance, strategic mission work, and divine protection amidst opposition. Its lessons echo through the centuries, offering valuable insights and guidance for believers navigating the complexities of faith and ministry in the world today.